Cov iav yog cov khoom tawv thiab nkig

Cov iav yog cov khoom tawv thiab nkig. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuav nws yog yaj ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab tom qab ntawd rub mus rau hauv cov iav zoo heev los ntawm qhov me me, cov khoom no hloov tau yooj yim heev. Tib lub khob, yog vim li cas cov iav blocks yog ib qho nyuaj thiab nkig, thaum lub iav fiber ntau mos thiab tawv? Qhov tseeb, qhov no tuaj yeem piav qhia tau zoo raws li cov qauv geometric.
Xav txog kev khoov tus pas (xav tias nws tsis tawg), ces qhov sib txawv ntawm tus pas yuav deformed mus rau qhov sib txawv, tshwj xeeb, sab nraud yog ncab, sab hauv yog compressed, thiab qhov loj ntawm lub axis yuav luag tsis hloov. Thaum dabtsi yog khoov ntawm tib lub kaum sab xis, lub thinner tus pas yog, qhov me dua qhov degree ntawm sab nraud stretching yog, thiab qhov me dua qhov degree ntawm sab hauv compression yog. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, lub thinner, qhov me me ntawm lub zos nro los yog compression deformation nyob rau hauv tib yam dabtsi yog khoov degree. Txhua yam khoom tuaj yeem ua rau qee qhov kev hloov pauv tas li, txawm tias iav tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, tab sis qhov siab tshaj plaws deformation uas cov ntaub ntawv nkig tuaj yeem tiv taus tsawg dua li cov ntaub ntawv ductile. Thaum cov iav fiber ntau yog nyias txaus, txawm tias qhov loj ntawm kev khoov tshwm sim, nws lub zos tensile los yog compression deformation me me, nyob rau hauv cov kabmob ntawm cov khoom, yog li nws yuav tsis tawg.
Nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov toughness thiab brittleness ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog kiag li. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog nws cov khoom siv sab hauv thiab cov qauv, tab sis kuj rau nws cov nplai. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws kuj muaj feem xyuam rau yam xws li quab yuam hom kabmob. Piv txwv li, ntau cov ntaub ntawv coj tus cwj pwm zoo li cov kua dej hauv qab kev ua haujlwm sab nraud qeeb heev, thiab coj zoo li lub cev nruj hauv kev ua haujlwm sab nraud. Yog li ntawd, thaum txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv, nws tseem yuav tsum tau xav txog kev siv tshwj xeeb lossis cuam tshuam cov xwm txheej.